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There is a great lack of studies about the preservation of plant species native to tropical forests, mainly the ones that have been used as medical plant resource. In Brazil a large number of species of medical plants have been or are still under the impact of intensive wild and predatory collecting. However, it is deplorable that there is such little or almost no knowledge that can be used as a basis to establish a rational system that ensures the cultivation and preservation of these species in the future. The impact of uncontrolled wild collecting nearly extinguished the ipeca (ipecacuanha cephaelis) in the past and it can also damage other innumerous species whose current claim has been gradually increasing.
Controlled and planned actions it will be possible to establish approaches and alternative strategies in the agronomic field to provide a non-conventional cultivation system that fits in a sustainable economic development. It would be ideal it occurred before they are extinct or their medicinal uses fall into oblivion.